Web development is the process of building and maintaining websites and web applications that run on the internet. It involves everything from creating simple static pages to complex, interactive apps like online stores, social media platforms, and SaaS tools.
Tools like Webpack, Vite, and Parcel bundle and optimize code for performance, enabling modern development workflows with hot reloading, tree-shaking, and asset management.
Frameworks like React, Vue, and Svelte offer reusable components and efficient rendering, making it easier to build dynamic UIs.
Frameworks like Next.js, Nuxt.js, and Remix offer both frontend and backend capabilities, supporting SSR, routing, and API handling in a single environment.
Critical for protecting user data and app integrity. Involves password hashing, OAuth, JWT tokens, 2FA, and security headers.
Frontend frameworks and libraries are tools that help developers build interactive, efficient, and maintainable user interfaces (UIs) for websites and web apps. They provide structure, reusable components, and patterns to handle everything from layout to state management.Without frameworks, building dynamic UIs from scratch in plain HTML, CSS, and JavaScript becomes repetitive and hard to manage as the app grows. Frameworks solve this by offering. Component-based architecture (like building blocks).Efficient state management. Reactivity (auto-updating UI when data changes),Performance optimizations, Routing and SPA (Single Page Application) handling.
JavaScript is a lightweight, high-level, interpreted programming language that allows developers to create interactive and dynamic content in web browsers.Runs in all modern web browsers (client-side),Used for DOM manipulation, animations, form validation, etc.TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript developed by Microsoft. It adds static typing and modern features, compiling down to regular JavaScript.Strong editor support with autocompletion and refactoring tools
Build tools and bundlers are utilities that automate the process of preparing your code for production. They take your raw source files (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images) and optimize, bundle, transform, and deliver them in a form that browsers can use efficiently.
Backend frameworks and runtimes are tools and environments that help developers build the server-side logic of web applications — where data is processed, stored, and delivered to the frontend.They handle HTTP requests, databases, authentication, APIs, and business logic.Runtimes (like Node.js, Deno) provide the environment where backend code executes.
Full-stack frameworks are development tools that provide both frontend and backend capabilities in a single integrated package.
API Technologies (Application Programming Interface) allow different systems, applications, or services to communicate with each other.Send and receive data between frontend & backend Connect with third-party services (e.g., payment gateways, social media), API Technologies are the backbone of data flow in modern applications, enabling frontends, backends, and external systems to interact reliably, securely, and efficiently.
Databases store, manage, and retrieve structured or unstructured data for web applications. ORMs (Object-Relational Mappers) are tools/libraries that help developers interact with databases using programming language objects instead of raw SQL.
Authentication is the process of verifying who a user is. Security is about protecting data, systems, and users from unauthorized access, attacks, and vulnerabilities. Together, they ensure only legitimate users can access the right data — and that all interactions are safe and secure.
DevOps (Development + Operations) is a set of practices that automate and integrate the processes between software development and IT operations — to build, test, release, and deploy software faster and more reliably. Deployment is the process of moving code from development to a live environment (like staging or production), making it accessible to users.
Hosting Platforms provide infrastructure to deploy, run, and serve your website or web application on the internet. Edge Platforms push your content and logic closer to users using global edge networks, resulting in faster performance, lower latency, and better scalability.
Realtime in web development refers to the ability to send and receive data instantly between clients and servers—without needing to refresh the page. Messaging refers to communication between systems or users, such as chat apps, live notifications, or backend services using queues or brokers. Together, they power dynamic, interactive, and responsive applications.
AI Integration refers to incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) capabilities into web and software development to enhance user experience, automate workflows, and build intelligent features. It means using machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, or generative AI directly within your applications or development workflow.
A package manager helps you install, update, and manage third-party libraries or dependencies in your project — like React, Tailwind CSS, Express, etc.
A Progressive Web App (PWA) is a web application that uses modern browser features to deliver a native app-like experience — including offline access, push notifications, and installation on a user’s home screen. In short, it's a website that behaves like a mobile app.
WebAssembly (WASM) is a low-level, binary instruction format that allows code written in languages like C, C++, Rust, Go, and others to run at near-native speed in the browser. It’s designed to work alongside JavaScript, giving web applications access to high-performance computing previously limited to native apps.